By Casey Rivers 
A lip tie happens when the thin piece of skin connecting the upper lip to the gum (called the labial frenulum) is too tight or short. This can make it hard for the upper lip to move freely. Although many people have a visible frenulum, problems occur only when it restricts natural movements or causes symptoms.
How Does a Lip Tie Form?
Lip ties form during early development in the womb. The frenulum forms naturally, but for some children, it doesn’t stretch or thin out as it should. As a result, it stays thick or tight, limiting the lip’s motion. Scientists believe lip ties may be inherited, which means they can run in families. However, no one can control or prevent them before birth.
Common Symptoms in Babies
In infants, lip ties can affect feeding and comfort. Below are common symptoms that may be noticed:
Trouble latching during breastfeeding
Poor weight gain despite regular feedings
Clicking noises while nursing
Gas, colic, or fussiness after feeding
Long feeding times or frequent feedings
Milk leaking from the sides of the mouth
These issues can frustrate both the baby and the mother. Feeding becomes stressful instead of calming. Mothers may also experience sore nipples or blocked ducts due to poor latching.
Signs in Older Children and Toddlers
If a lip tie is not addressed early, it may continue to affect a child as they grow. Symptoms in toddlers or children can include:
Difficulty brushing upper front teeth
Speech delays or trouble making certain sounds
Large gap between the front teeth
Mouth breathing or snoring at night
Trouble eating certain foods
Sometimes, the tie stretches as a child grows, reducing its impact. However, when problems persist, a professional evaluation is necessary.
How a Lip Tie Is Diagnosed
A diagnosis is usually made through a physical exam. Pediatricians, dentists, or lactation consultants can identify a lip tie by gently lifting the upper lip and observing how tight or thick the frenulum is. To grade the severity, a classification system is used:
Class 1: The frenulum connects at the base of the gum.
Class 2: Connects slightly farther down.
Class 3: Midway down the gum or even into the front teeth.
Class 4: Very thick and connects tightly at the gum line.
Class 3 and 4 lip ties are more likely to cause problems and may require treatment.
Connection Between Lip Tie and Tongue Tie
Lip tie and tongue tie often appear together. A tongue tie (ankyloglossia) occurs when the tissue under the tongue is too tight. Both conditions can limit movement and cause feeding, speech, and dental problems. Professionals often examine both areas at the same time, especially in infants showing symptoms.
Potential Complications
If untreated, lip ties may cause long-term challenges. While some children adapt, others may face these issues:
Difficulty with breastfeeding, causing poor nutrition
Increased risk of tooth decay due to trapped food
Speech problems, especially with sounds like “f” or “v”
Emotional stress due to feeding or speech troubles
Misaligned teeth or need for braces
Because of these possible problems, early detection and support are essential.
Treatment Options for Lip Tie
Not every lip tie requires treatment. In mild cases, simple adjustments during feeding can help. However, when symptoms are severe or ongoing, treatment may be recommended. Common options include:
Observation
For babies with no major symptoms, doctors may suggest a wait-and-see approach. Regular monitoring ensures the tie doesn’t cause future issues.
Frenectomy (Lip Tie Revision)
A frenectomy is a quick procedure that releases the tight tissue. It can be done using:
Scissors or scalpel: A clean cut is made to release the tie.
Laser: A gentle laser removes the tissue with little to no bleeding.
Most procedures take only a few minutes and cause minimal discomfort. Babies usually feed immediately afterward, and many mothers report an instant improvement in latching.
Aftercare and Healing
After treatment, stretching exercises are often recommended. These prevent the tissue from reattaching. Healing usually occurs within 1 to 2 weeks. During this time:
Parents are taught how to do daily stretches
Feeding should be encouraged regularly
Any signs of discomfort or infection should be reported
Lactation consultants may also help to re-teach proper latch techniques.
When to See a Specialist
A professional should be seen if any of the following signs appear:
Persistent feeding difficulties
Ongoing speech delays
Tooth gaps or hygiene problems
Sleep disruptions like snoring or mouth breathing
Speech therapists, pediatric dentists, or lactation experts can help guide treatment choices. Early intervention often prevents long-term effects.
Myths and Misunderstandings
Many myths exist about lip ties. Some people believe that all ties must be cut, while others think they are always harmless. The truth lies somewhere in between. Not all lip ties need treatment, but ignoring a serious one can cause issues. An individual evaluation is always best.
Additionally, some think that laser treatment is painful or dangerous. In reality, laser frenectomies are safe and fast when performed by trained professionals.
Supporting Breastfeeding Mothers
When a lip tie affects nursing, it can be overwhelming for new mothers. Emotional support, combined with the right medical advice, makes a big difference. Lactation consultants play a vital role in improving outcomes for both mother and baby.
Families should also know that many children thrive after treatment. They go on to feed, speak, and grow without further problems.
Preventing Misdiagnosis
Lip tie is sometimes overdiagnosed by those unfamiliar with normal anatomy. A slight frenulum is common and often causes no trouble. Mislabeling every visible tie as a problem can lead to unnecessary worry or surgery. That’s why experienced professionals are key in deciding the right steps.
Living With a Lip Tie
Children with a lip tie can live healthy, happy lives. With the right care, most go on without any lasting effects. Families should stay informed, ask questions, and seek guidance if concerns arise. When action is needed, modern treatments offer gentle and effective results.
Final Thoughts
Understanding lip tie is important for parents, caregivers, and teachers. Early signs can be spotted, and solutions are available. Whether the tie is mild or severe, expert advice helps determine the best course of action. Above all, every child deserves comfort, health, and confidence in their daily life.